Friday, February 22, 2008

Glacier wetlands and ecosystem services

Wetlands capture metals either in sediment and/or to be taken up by plants... furthermore, amazingly bad organic compounds (often generated by human industrial activity) are completely transformed into much safer entities. Nature's filtration is often much more efficient and better at treating poor water quality than human created replacements. In 1997, Costanza and others calculated that the value of all ecosystem services (from improving water quality to preventing erosion) were approximately $33 Trillion/yr (or almost twice the global GNP). This is likely an underestimate for several reasons they mention in their paper including that ecosystems as modeled are deemed to not have sharp thresholds at which they can no longer provide services.

One critical question is: to what extent is human alteration of landscape capable of improving ecosystem services? (e.g. is Green city-planning a potential solution to the biogeochemical damage that humans create? )

Anyway, on the pristine side of the equation, I am looking at elemental data as it comes out- (so I can't be quoted on this just yet) it looks like the big ponds on the glacier surfaces are the wetlands of the dry valley glaciers retaining metals and organisms...

Lab Work

This is it! The last lab run for my dissertation (it will take about three 20 hour days---a better alternative to 10-12 eight hour days--- it takes a long time to calibrate, so I try to stay on the SF-ICPMS as long as possible). My flat buddies decided they would help me glove up... but as you can see it wasn't as straight forward as I anticipated...it might be a long 20 hours...


Thursday, February 21, 2008

Science Budget Shuffle

On February 4th, Bush sent the FY09 Budget request to Congress. This means a shuffle of money for the sciences with the DOE expecting gains (avert the energy crisis) and losses for the DIH and USGS (among others). What can we do? I am particularly upset that the Nataional Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) will suffer budget reductions of over $10 Million (with a new annual budget of 54.1 Million). During the summer I was 19, I worked for the Minnesota NAWQA as a UNIX-GIS mapper as part of an effort to monitor the health of the Red River and Mississippi Basins. A few years later, I found my way back to NAWQA as a undergraduate hydrology employee for the Wisconsin office. Maybe I was young and impressionable, but my memory hasn't faded. I cannot say enough about NAWQA and the importance of their efforts. The long term data sets established by NAWQA provide a sense of the changing quality of our waterways through time and space. This information is necessary to evaluate our past, current, and future water management practices. NAWQA also provides a baseline of hydrology data that complements new research on hot topics.

In Science Magazine, the Chief Executive of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Alan Leshner, urged (2/15/08)

"We should take up "glocal" science advocacy to complement the traditional approach. This strategy involves taking a global issue and making it meaningful to society at the local level. Scientists and citizen advocates should recruit their nonscience friends and neighbors to promote science funding to decision-makers. Recruiting efforts can be as simple as discussing science-related issues at dinner parties or as ambitious as meeting with community groups, school boards, or city council members. The appeal should be locally focused for two important reasons: Policy-makers often seem to listen better in their home districts, where they are less distracted by the press of life on Capitol Hill; and they need to see clearly that science funding is not only a national but a local issue for all their constitutents, not just those who are scientists."

As mentors to K-12 and undergraduate students, we must build classes with local relevance... this is especially important to introductory science classes, where students may receive their only exposure to conducting, evaluating, and valuing scientific research.

Wednesday, February 20, 2008

Relax

It's time to put a wig on and relax. To my fellow PhD students and early career scientist friends, or anyone who likes to perpetually challenge themselves to do better, we owe it to ourselves.
I'm surprisingly attached to the future right now and conjuring scenarios (one in particular) in which I can lead students in research. This causes me to write at insane speeds (trying to mass publicize to catch up with those 5 years ahead of me) and also has led to an increase in weekly mileage that parallels peak week in marathon training. I suspect I will run the Athens, Ohio Marathon in April to capitalize on my granite hams.
Looking for a picture for a talk, I came across this oldie- but goodie... Sadly, the scientist standing in the left has passed away, hit by a car while out for a jog--- after surviving many deep-field misadventures subsisting on bumper bars (a butter-based granola bar) in the middle of the TransAntarctics.

Anyway, this picture reminds me that my life is good, our lives are short... and a wig never hurt.

Tuesday, February 19, 2008

The end is near

Wahoo! I'm working on the final paper from my dissertation...and scheduling my defense with my dissertation advisory committee next week. My final battle with the Element2 ICPMS begins at the end of this week and from what I've heard, its running smoothly. Last week, I trained Berry's hard-working undergraduate. Catherine to make standards. Catherine works at least 30 hours a week between our lab and a few other campus jobs putting herself through school. At any rate, Catherine had a steady hand and did a nice job diluting high concentration elemental solutions into standards that bracketed the concentrations of Antarctic streams. I am impressed!

Thursday, February 14, 2008

Metal, Metal, Metal!

UPDATE- Ed Boyle's talk was very exciting- hydrothermal sources of iron to the ocean!!! And he graciously agreed to send me his metal sampling methods, which employ a quicker and cleaner filtration method that will save future lab hours.

Lonnie Thompson just popped in with Ed Boyle! This broke me from a writing induced trance. It is only appropriate that Dr. Boyle materialized... if ever anyone wondered what happened to metals in the environment, Ed Boyle is the person to ask. (I can't wait for his talk this afternoon!)

Why are metals a problem? Metals, especially in dissolved form, may be ingested by organisms in some cases replacing vital nutrients. Metal poisoning has been shown to compromise the health of smallest organisms to the largest mammals (including humans). Documented poisonings occurred as far back as Roman times- where it has been argued that metal smelting contributed to the death of those living near smelters.

Industrial activities (primarily burning fossil fuel and metal smelting) have increased the emission of many metals into the atmosphere, but perhaps worse, is that many of these metals are released in mine tailings and sewage sludge into soils... and waterways. Their release is usually not a one time event. Many metals bind to sediment and are rereleased into the environment with flood events.

Ed Boyle's research group primarily studies the fate of metals in the ocean. This includes investigating the nutrient capabilities of iron, acting as a fertilizer that increases oceanic productivity. Examining cadmium to understand deep ocean-shallow ocean interactions through time (cadmium distribution in the ocean is not homogeneous and is thought to relate to the connectivity between deep to shallow circulation). Changes in ocean circulation are likely tied to major changes in climate. I could go on and on... but I need to finish this paper today...and think of a few questions for Ed...

Tuesday, February 12, 2008

As the cake flows

This week while I alternated between dissertationing and running many miles my husband, Trey, crafted a glacier for my birthday. I, and several geology-loving friends, appreciated Trey's masterful attention to detail as he included lateral and terminal moraines (rocks scraped and piled along the glacier margin and snout) as well as a cryoconite hole and a proglacial lake. Fortunately, there was no life living in that cryoconite hole... and we all had our fill of buttery cream. In a few weeks for Women In Science Day I am hosting a 2 hour clinic for 60ish 7-10th grade girls on glacier dynamics. Normally, I'd use flubber (a glue-borax hybrid), but after seeing this cake, there may be some advantages to butter cream.

Saturday, February 02, 2008

Running on Mars

Patterned ground, ice-covered ponds, untouched landscapes and legs that can't stop moving...

Friday, February 01, 2008

Adelie Penguins

This is especially for Penny Sanecki's Eclipse Class at Valley Forge Elementary School...

Supraglacial Stream

Here's a video from the inside of a supraglacial (flowing on the glacier) stream channel on the Canada Glacier, Taylor Valley, Antarctica. As time allows, I will archive this and other video footage at Byrd Polar Research Center, OSU (& will release it to all educators). FYI Antarctic rock samples (including many fossils) are available for classroom use at the Byrd Polar Rock Repository.

Wednesday, January 02, 2008

O-H-I-O

I made it home! Numerous flight reschedulings occured before the C-17 finally took about 30 of us from McMurdo Sound. Below you can see the lack of cargo allowed us all to stretch out during the 5 &1/2 hour flight from McMurdo to Christchurch. Now I am home with my husband and dog and we're laughing at some of the video footage I took in the valleys. I did pretty well with the still photos this season, but my video aim was slightly askew... for instance, I shoot an undergraduate lecture on chemical weathering in which my head was decapitated by the frame. To my credit it was 2 a.m., quite cold, and I had run out of chocolate and moved on to blocks of cheese.)One more look at that amazing sediment layer within a supraglacial stream channel on the Canada Glacier below (the dark band is about a meter from the surface of the glacier).
And below LeeAnn and I enjoy a lovely austral summer evening on the beach (sandy outwash from Canada Glacier). I'll add a link to her blog in the sidebar.
Below is an incredible example of the physical erosion that occurs in the Taylor Valley. Behind our camp at Lake Hoare a large piece of mountain broke off (perhaps in response to freeze-thaw) on Christmas morning. We rushed outside to make sure that cause of the rumble wouldn't crush us. (The camps on the other side of the glacier also heard the noise and gave us a call to check on us...).

To those that remain in the Taylor Valley (and/or head out soon) enjoy your season!

Friday, December 28, 2007

Sounds and Smells from the far South

My flight to Christchurch was canceled, rescheduled, and re-rescheduled, so I may be getting out of here this morning, I may not.... this calls for caffeine! Below are some pictures from the Sound Walkabout of McMurdo lead by Andrea Polli (artist). We recorded sounds heard around the station including the wastewater treatment plant (below). Admittedly, smell was my overwhelming sense at this location, but once I plugged my nose, I heard some lovely gurgles and stream-songs.
And the satellite tracker (Nik led us into the inner world of the golfball)


(Andrea is pictured listening above).
Anyway, I'll be heading up the hill again soon, with big red on, and my fingers crossed. I hope I'm home for New Year's, otherwise, I'll be blogging from Icestock and the great Antarctic Chili Cookoff. (and working on my dissertation from the office here). I went black-light bowling last night. A few folks act as pin-resetters, strategically wearing boldly striped socks to not get mowed over by over-eager bowlers.